中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
海关总署发布2022年缉私十大典型案例******
2022年，全国海关开展“国门利剑”“风雷”联合行动，深化全员打私，严厉打击重点涉税商品和洋垃圾、象牙等走私，综合整治“水客”、离岛免税“套代购”、粤港澳海上跨境等走私，全年立案侦办走私犯罪案件4509起，案值1210亿元，分别增长5.8%、25.6%。
2023年，全国海关将继续保持打击走私高压态势，开展“国门利剑”“蓝天”“护卫”等专项行动，严厉打击重点地区、重点领域、重点商品走私，深化反走私综合治理，加强国际执法合作。
2022年缉私十大典型案例
2022年，全国海关缉私部门坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指引，坚决贯彻落实习近平总书记关于打击走私工作重要指示批示精神，紧盯“中央关注、社会关切、群众关心”的突出走私问题，切实发挥缉私专业打击职能作用，深入开展“国门利剑2022”联合行动。全年共立案侦办走私犯罪案件4509起，案值1210亿元。现发布2022年缉私十大典型案例如下：
1.海关总署缉私局开展“330”专项打击行动
海关总署缉私局在深圳、上海、南京、抚州、台州等地组织开展打击走私贵重金属、走私普通货物、洗钱等专项行动，打掉走私团伙9个，案值474.53亿元，涉案黄金57.57吨，钯金47.95吨，其他贵重金属53.63吨。
2.拱北海关缉私局侦办“310”走私液晶显示屏案
拱北海关缉私局立案侦办一起以低报价格方式走私液晶显示屏案，在广州、深圳、东莞等地抓获犯罪嫌疑52人，打掉走私团伙7个，案值40亿元。经查，涉案团伙利用货运渠道通过低报价格方式从香港走私液晶显示屏等进境，还利用“大飞”通过海上偷运的方式走私，数额巨大。
3.上海海关缉私局侦办走私进口弹药案
上海海关缉私局侦办一起走私进口弹药案，查获境外弹药公司生产的各类火药动力制式手枪弹22000发。
4.广州海关缉私局侦办“奋发12”“水客”走私手表案
广州海关缉私局在广州、珠海、常州等地开展“奋发12”打击“水客”走私高档手表行动，打掉走私团伙4个，案值2.9亿元。经查，涉案团伙将在境外钟表商行订购的手表运往澳门，交给专业“水客”通关团伙以夹带等方式走私入境。
5.昆明海关缉私局开展打击走私毒品入境专项行动
昆明海关缉私局通过科技赋能、关警协作、跨警种合成作战等手段，破获货运渠道走私毒品案件33起，在中缅打洛、孟连、沧源、清水河、畹町等口岸缴获毒品冰毒、海洛因、恰特草等共318公斤。
6.南宁海关缉私局侦办“5·17”走私水果案
南宁海关缉私局联合海关风控、关税等部门，在广西、广东、山东、河南等地开展打击走私水果专项行动，打掉走私团伙3个和非法售卖海关专用缴款发票团伙1个，案值47.3亿元。经查，涉案团伙以低报价格和少报数量的方式将境外订购的水果走私入境，另查实该走私团伙涉嫌洗钱、骗取留抵退税犯罪，查证洗钱金额1.3亿元人民币。
7.宁波海关缉私局侦办走私文物案
宁波海关缉私局立案侦办走私文物系列案12起，查证涉案走私银元2711枚，查扣银元1609枚，其中二级文物1件、三级文物97件、一般文物1428件。经查，涉案团伙通过虚构发货单位、发货人，采取伪报品名的方式，将涉案文物通过商业快递渠道走私出境。在香港回归祖国25周年前夕从香港带回8枚涉案文物。
8.黄埔海关缉私局侦办“HP2022-05”走私木薯淀粉案
黄埔海关缉私局在南宁、东兴、凭祥、广州等地开展“HP2022-05”专项行动，打掉走私团伙3个，案值15亿元。经查，涉案团伙将境外购买木薯淀粉通过边民互市贸易渠道伪报贸易性质走私入境。
9.福州海关缉私局侦办走私旧医疗设备案
福州海关缉私局在福建福州、广东佛山等地开展打击旧医疗设备走私专项行动。经查，涉案团伙从境外购买内窥镜等二手旧医疗设备，通过快件渠道伪瞒报、“水客”携带等方式走私入境。
10.汕头海关缉私局侦办“4·22”涉嫌逃避商检出口冻海产品、骗取出口退税案
汕头海关缉私局联合有关部门，在广东、福建等地开展“4·22”专项打击行动，查证逃避商检出口冻海产品案值9亿元，骗取国家出口退税额1.1亿元，虚开用于骗取出口退税、抵扣税款发票金额16.5亿元。经查，涉案团伙采用虚构原料来源、伪报货物品名方式逃避商检，同时采用虚开农产品收购发票和高报出口价格等手段骗取出口退税。（“海关发布”微信公众号）
